Ewolucja formy prawnej przedsiębiorstw wspólnych w rolnictwie europejskich państw socjalistycznych

Abstrakt

The article attempts to establish the course of evolution of a legal form of joint enterprises in agriculture of socialiart stabes. On the basis of the analysis of norm-setting acts binding in the USSR, GDR, Czechoslovakia, Roumania, Hun­gary and Jugoslavia ,the author points out that „co-operative society of legal persons, which at the beginning (just after the collectivization) was a predominant organisational and legal farm of joint enerprises, becomes, as productive forces develop, and especially after state farms became independent, a too rigid and insufficient form. Therefore in all socialist countries that form has been modified by means of endowing it with elements characteristic of a company. In some socialist countries the cooperative form is made more flexible by „breaking" some principles of the Cooperative (e.g. the principle - one member - one vote) and strengthening certain features of association of capital, as a result of which joint enterprises in those countries assume a form of association of capital sui genesis. In other countries (Czechoslovakia, Roumania) apart from the improvement of a c-operative form which is „charged" with a task of organizing cooperation of cooperative collective farms, separate forms have been set up form the purpose of inter sector cooperation, similar to associations of capital. In others (Hungary) of the basis of the experience in the field of cooperative forms, companies have been set up. At last, in Jugoslavia where there is a system of economic self-administration, higher forms have been set up whibh join, the features of cooperatives of legal persons and companies.